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Dental implants are an effective solution for replacing missing teeth, offering a natural appearance and feel that closely resemble real teeth. A dental implant system consists of three main components:
Implant Fixture
The implant fixture is made of titanium and is shaped like a natural tooth root. It is surgically placed into the jawbone, where it integrates firmly with the bone through a process called osseointegration, without causing inflammation or adverse reactions.
Abutment
The abutment is a connector that attaches to the implant fixture and serves as a support for the dental crown.
Crown
The crown is the visible part of the implant and is typically made of ceramic, metal, or a combination of materials. It closely mimics the appearance of a natural tooth and provides excellent aesthetics, comfort, and chewing function. Dental implants with crowns are suitable for individuals who have lost one or more permanent teeth.
Steps in the Dental Implant Procedure
Step 1: Examination and Assessment
The dentist performs a thorough oral examination and takes dental X-rays to evaluate the condition and density of the jawbone and determine its suitability for implant placement. If the jawbone is insufficient in volume or density, bone grafting may be required to provide adequate support for the implant.
Step 2: Implant Placement
The implant fixture is surgically inserted into the jawbone. Following this procedure, a healing period of approximately 3–4 months is required to allow the implant to fully integrate with the bone and become strong enough to support a tooth.
Step 3: Gingival Shaping
A gingival former (healing abutment) is placed to shape the gum tissue around the implant, creating a natural gum contour. This step usually takes 10–14 days. In some cases, if the implant is sufficiently stable at the time of placement, the gingival former may be inserted immediately.
Step 4: Impression and Crown Fabrication
Once healing is complete, the abutment is attached to the implant fixture. The dentist then takes an impression of the patient’s mouth, which is used to fabricate a custom-made crown.
Step 5: Crown Placement
Approximately 10–14 days after the impression is taken, the custom crown is placed onto the abutment. The final restoration closely resembles a natural tooth in both appearance and function, providing excellent aesthetics and efficient chewing performance.
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