In general, a low-lying placenta often causes bleeding after the sixth month of pregnancy. However, in some cases, doctors can detect this condition as early as the first trimester. During the early stages, bleeding may be light, painless, and usually resolves on its own. As the pregnancy progresses, bleeding may recur and become heavier.
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Causes of Low-Lying Placenta
A low-lying placenta can result from several contributing factors, including:
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Maternal Age: Women over the age of 35 are at increased risk of developing a low-lying placenta.
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Previous Multiple Births: A history of multiple births, such as twins or triplets, can lead to an enlarged placenta that may implant lower in the uterus.
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Poor Uterine Blood Flow: Inadequate blood circulation to the uterine wall—possibly due to fibroids or underlying conditions like diabetes—can affect proper placenta placement.
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Medications and Lifestyle Factors: Certain medications used to treat high blood pressure, as well as smoking more than 20 cigarettes a day, can increase the risk.
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Uterine Wall Lesions: Scarring or damage to the uterine lining from previous cesarean sections or miscarriages may also contribute to a low-lying placenta.
Effects on the Mother
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Bleeding: A major concern is significant vaginal bleeding, especially during the third trimester, which can lead to shock from excessive blood loss.
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Premature Rupture of Membranes: A low-lying placenta increases the risk of early membrane rupture, potentially causing preterm labor.
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Postpartum Infection: The risk of postpartum infection is higher, particularly due to the exposure of torn blood vessels near the cervix, which are vulnerable during and after delivery.
Effects on the Fetus
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Premature Birth: Babies may be born prematurely, increasing the risk of neonatal complications or death.
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Low Birth Weight: Restricted blood flow and reduced nutrient delivery can result in low birth weight and slow fetal growth.
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Developmental Complications: Infants may experience developmental delays or health issues, including central nervous system disorders, congenital heart defects, and respiratory or digestive system complications.
The Importance of Antenatal Care
Proper and timely prenatal care is essential in reducing the risks associated with a low-lying placenta. Many pregnancy complications caused by this condition could be prevented through early detection and ongoing medical supervision.
Treatment may involve administering medications, lifestyle modifications, and clear guidance on activity restrictions to support a safe pregnancy.
If a pregnant woman experiences unusual symptoms—such as vaginal bleeding or pelvic discomfort—or even if she simply wants to confirm a pregnancy, seeking prompt medical attention is strongly recommended.
At the Women’s Center at Phyathai Sriracha Hospital, we offer high-quality, comprehensive care for women of all ages. Our dedicated team of experienced obstetricians and gynecologists—available from 7:30 AM daily—provides advanced diagnostic services, personalized treatment plans, and the option to consult with female physicians for added comfort and ease of communication.
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Building A, 3rd floor
