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Although there are several factors that can damage the optic nerves, the primary cause is abnormally high intraocular pressure. This increased pressure gradually compresses and injures the optic nerve, causing patients to lose peripheral vision over time—and, if left untreated, eventually leading to blindness.

Are you experiencing signs of glaucoma? Check for these warning symptoms:

• Do you frequently experience eye pain or headaches, along with blurred vision after using your eyes for a long time?

• Is your central vision still normal, but your peripheral vision gradually narrowing?

• Is your ability to focus on distant objects decreasing, causing you to bump into objects more often?

• Try covering one eye with your hand—can you still see the full surrounding image clearly?

If these symptoms sound familiar, you may be developing glaucoma and should seek medical evaluation immediately.

Treatment for Glaucoma

Medication primarily focuses on reducing intraocular pressure to prevent further optic nerve damage. Patients must use their prescribed eye drops consistently and follow up regularly with their ophthalmologist to assess treatment effectiveness.

Additional treatment options include:

1. Laser Treatment

Laser therapy is considered when eye drops alone cannot adequately lower intraocular pressure. The type and duration of laser treatment depend on the type and severity of glaucoma.

2. Surgical Treatment

Surgery is recommended when medication and laser therapy fail to control eye pressure.

Common surgical options include:

• Trabeculectomy:
  A procedure that creates a new drainage pathway to allow aqueous humor to exit the eye, reducing pressure.

• Aqueous Shunt (Tube Shunt Surgery):
  If trabeculectomy is not successful, a small drainage tube may be implanted to help lower intraocular pressure.

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