Shoulder pain can occur either occasionally or as a chronic condition. The appropriate treatment depends on the underlying cause and contributing factors. Treatment options may include medication, physical therapy, or surgery.
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Common Shoulder Pain Symptoms
Shoulder pain is a common condition that may present intermittently or persist chronically, depending on the underlying cause. It may appear as pain triggered by specific movements or as constant discomfort. Some types of shoulder pain caused by minor conditions may resolve on their own, while others can persist and worsen over time. Chronic shoulder pain is often associated with conditions such as frozen shoulder, arthritis, or calcific tendinitis.
What Are the Causes of Chronic Shoulder Pain?
Shoulder pain—often accompanied by limited mobility—commonly affects individuals who overuse their arms or use improper lifting techniques. However, in some cases, shoulder pain may develop without an identifiable cause.
This condition typically results from inflammation around the shoulder joint, involving structures such as the rotator cuff, bursa, synovial fluid, and surrounding muscles. Inflammation in these areas can lead to stiffness and restricted shoulder movement. Women may be more prone to shoulder pain due to certain daily habits, such as carrying heavy bags, wearing high heels, or sitting for prolonged periods with improper posture.
Characteristics of Chronic Shoulder Pain
Chronic shoulder pain may be persistent or episodic. Some individuals experience continuous discomfort, while others notice symptoms that come and go. Pain often originates from the muscles surrounding the joint and may worsen with movement. Applying pressure to the shoulder or moving it may trigger pain, depending on the affected muscle group.
In some cases, inflammation of the joint capsule or tendon impingement may occur. Severe conditions can significantly limit the range of motion of the shoulder.
Complications of Chronic Shoulder Pain
If left untreated, chronic shoulder pain may lead to several complications, including:
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Calcium deposits dislodging into the synovial sac, causing inflammation
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Tightening of surrounding muscles, which may restrict arm movement and mimic stroke-like symptoms (pseudo-stroke)
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Stiffening and contraction of the joint capsule, leading to frozen shoulder
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Muscle atrophy and reduced arm function due to prolonged pain and disuse
These complications may also be associated with other medical conditions that limit arm movement, such as breast tumors, cardiac ischemia, or localized strokes affecting the arm.
Treatment for Chronic Shoulder Pain
Treatment options depend on the severity of the condition and may include:
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Topical medications to relieve localized pain
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Physical therapy to improve joint mobility and strengthen muscles
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Advanced treatments, such as local anesthesia or surgical intervention, in cases of significant joint damage
When pain persists or adhesions develop within the joint, surgical treatment may be required. These procedures are typically performed by orthopedic and joint specialists.
When to Seek Medical Attention
Individuals experiencing persistent or worsening shoulder pain should consult a medical specialist. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help relieve pain, prevent complications, and improve overall quality of life.
At Phyathai Sriracha Hospital, our orthopedic and joint specialists are available daily to provide accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plans.
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